ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Thoracic computed tomography (CT) scan plays a role in detecting and assessing the progression of COVID-19. It can evaluate the response to the therapy given. In diagnosis, the CT scan of the chest may complement the limitations of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Several recent studies have discussed the importance of CT scans in COVID-19 patients with false-negative RT-PCR results. The sensitivity of chest CT scan in the diagnosis of COVID-19 is reportedly around 98%. AIM: This study aimed to determine the compatibility of CT scan of the thorax with RT-PCR in suspected COVID-19 patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This research was conducted in the Radiology Department of the Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar from April to December 2020 with 350 patients. The method used was a 2 x 2 table diagnostic test. RESULT(S): The study included 188 male patients (53.7%) and 162 female patients (46.2%). The most common age group was 46-65 years (35.4%). The most common types of lesions were ground-glass opacity (163 cases), consolidation (128 cases), and fibrosis (124 cases), mostly found in the inferior lobe with a predominantly peripheral or subpleural distribution. The sensitivity of the CT scan to the PCR examination was 86%, and the specificity was 91%. CONCLUSION(S): Thoracic CT scan was a good modality in establishing the diagnosis of COVID-19. CT scan of the chest with abnormalities could confirm the diagnosis in 88% of cases based on RT-PCR examination. It excluded the diagnosis in 91% based on the RT-PCR examination. The accuracy of the thoracic CT scan was 88% with RT-PCR as the reference value.Copyright © 2023 Sri Asriyani, Albert Alexander Alfonso, Mirna Muis, Andi Alfian Zainuddin, Irawaty Djaharuddin, Muhammad Ilyas.
ABSTRACT
Background & aims: Vitamin D supplementation as an immunomodulator has been identified as a potential strat-egy to prevent and treat Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to analyze the effect of 10,000 IU vitamin D3 supplementation on 25(OH)D levels on primary clinical out-comes (conversion length), inflammatory markers (Total Lymphocyte Count (TLC), Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR)) and coagulation marker (D-Dimer) in moderate COVID-19 patients at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia.Methods: We conducted a single-blind randomized -con-trolled trial on the confirmed moderate COVID-19 patients above 18 years old and low vitamin D status. Each of inter-vention and control groups were supplemented of 10,000 IU and 1000 IU cholecalciferol that taken daily for 2 weeks. Levels of 25(OH)D were analyzed for the primary endpoint (conversion length), then correlated to secondary endpoints (Length of Stay (LOS)), clinical manifestations improvement, and markers TLC, NLR, PLR, and D-Dimer serum, handgrip strength (HGS) as functional capacity measurement, after ad-justed to age, sex, nutritional status based on body mass in- dex (BMI) and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) tool, co -morbidities, and anti-coagulant administration. Medical nutri-tional therapy was given and presented as energy, protein, carbohydrate, and fat achievement, and vitamin D intake was also calculated.Results: A significant effects was found in 60 samples with pre-intervention vitamin D deficiency (61.7%) and insuffi-ciency (38.3%) status, and 10,000 IU of vitamin D3 supple-mentation could increase 25(OH)D levels within 2 weeks to reach sufficiency status (16.7%). The Vitamin D3 supplemen-tation of 10,000 IU and 1000 IU could significantly increase 25(OH)D levels compared to the control group of 1000 IU (4.61 +/- 5.43 vs.-0.29 +/- 2.72;P <0.0001) and it was correlated to primary clinical outcome, which is length of conversion (6.53 +/- 1.17 vs 10.47 +/- 2.56;P < 0.0001). The increase in HGS (6.61 +/- 3.01 vs. 4.04 +/- 4.44;P = 0.011), LOS (11.63 +/- 2.5 vs. 14.73 +/- 3.45;P = 0.001), and improvement in clinical mani-festations were found to be significant in both groups. We an-alyzed changes the effect of vitamin D supplementation in TLC, NLR, and D-Dimer as marker of coagulopathy associated COVID-19 on both groups that showed were not significant. Positive and significant correlation was only showed on PLR levels after intervention (r=0.368;P=0.045).Conclusion: Supplementation of vitamin D3 10,000 IU in moderate COVID-19 patients had a significant effect on 25(OH)D level, length of conversion, LOS, functional capacity, and PLR levels, but it has negative correlation in TLC, NLR, and D-Dimer levels.This study has been registered in the ClinicalTrial.gov data-base with the identification number NCT05126602.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: A regimen directly observed treatment-short course is recommended by the World Health Organization as a strategy for controlling tuberculosis (TB). AIM: This treatment was carried out for 6 months despite the COVID-19 pandemic situation. The purpose of the study was to determine the factors associated with the treatment outcomes of pulmonary TB undergoing treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the research target was Category I pulmonary TB patients. METHOD: The type of research was observational analytic with a cohort study design. This research was conducted at the Pulmonary Center in October 2020-May 2021 involved 62 samples. RESULTS: About 75.8% (47 respondents) successfully treated and 24.2% (15 respondents) decided unsuccessful. There was a significant association between diabetes status (p = 0.014), anemia status (p = 0.035), knowledge of TB (p = 0.009), knowledge of COVID-19 (p = 0.014), and family history of COVID-19 exposure (p = 0.011) to the treatment outcomes of pulmonary TB treatment during the pandemic. CONCLUSION: Associated factors to the outcome of treatment for pulmonary TB patients undergoing TB treatment during a pandemic included diabetes mellitus status, anemia status, knowledge of TB, knowledge of COVID-19, and family history of exposure to COVID-19.
ABSTRACT
Objective: The aims of this research is to notice maternal and perinatal outcomeon pregnant women with covid-19 infection at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital During the Period of April-July 2020. Method: This research is using descriptive method which is by taking data from the pregnant women with covid-19 infection at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital during the period of April 1st – July 12th 2020. The data covers the age, gestational age, amount of parity, symptoms, pregnancy complication, supportive examination results such asneutrofil score, limfosit, CT-scan Thorax, method of delivery, baby’s APGAR score, covid baby status, maternal death, perinatal death. Results: There are 26 pregnant patients characteristic subjects with covid-19 infection, mostly 20-35 years old, aterm gestational (>37 weeks), multiparity, low educational background, unemployed, mostly with no symptoms, increasing limfositneutrofil ratio rate >3,13. Good maternal outcome, there are no maternal death in this research. Perinatal outcome from 24 babies, 5 babies are confirmed covid-19 positive and all are in good condition. Conclusion: This research concludes good maternal and perinatal outcome. © 2020, Institute of Medico-Legal Publications. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The recent outbreak of the novel coronavirus officially known as Severe Acute Respiratory SyndromeCoronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has progressed into a global pandemic. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued an emergency use authorization (EUA) for several established antimicrobials and investigational ones. However, further observations on patients receiving these drugs showed severe drugdrug interaction leading to potentially life-threatening arrhythmias. Corrected QT interval prolongation has been known as a resulting side effect of individual microbial drugs or interactions between several concomitantly used drugs, with resulting life-threatening arrhythmias. Furthermore, arrhythmic complication of COVID-19 oftenly necessitates the use of antiarrhythmic drugs, further increasing the risk of potential severe drug-drug interactions. This review aims to present current data concerning QT-prolonging risk of several drug used in the management of COVID-19 and potential drug-drug interactions between them.